论宏观经济学的微观基础:马克思、凯恩斯经济学

The Micro Base of Macro Economics: Marx and Keynes' Economics

现代宏观经济学体系由凯恩斯创立,但其缺少以价值和分配理论为前提的微观基础。尽管西方主流经济学从总量生产函数出发,力图把凯恩斯经济学嫁接在新古典的价值和分配理论之上,但由此却导致了宏观经济学中严重的逻辑矛盾和凯恩斯主义宏观经济政策的失效。马克思经济学在明确地表明了资本主义经济关系性质的基础上,提出了以社会关系为基础、而完全不依赖于技术关系的价值总量的计量、分配和各个总量之间关系的理论,并用以表明资本主义经济中特有的有效需求和经济波动问题。寻找微观基础问题可归结为微观加总到宏观总量的问题。自己的利息率和名义量值的总量生产函数,可成为宏观总量的基础。

The micro base of macro economy in Keynes' economics has something with the major questions of value theory and distribution theory, that is to say, the measurement of value is decided by technical relations between preference and productive function or social relations. Marx's economics deeply studied capitalist economic relations then put forward the theory which could measure value, answer distribution question and settle the relations among the total variables on the base of social relations. Marx' s economics doesn' t depend on technical relations and explain capitalist valid demand and economic fluctuations.