葡萄组培苗耐盐性研究

Study on the salt tolerance of grape tube plantlets

对中国野生葡萄4个种的6个株系、2个种间杂种、5个鲜食葡萄品种、1个酿酒葡萄品种和5个砧木品种通过组织培养获得试管苗,以不同浓度的NaCl作为盐胁迫因子,分别加入生根培养基中进行耐盐筛选。结果表明,在盐胁迫的50d内,试管苗的侧芽萌发倍数、增殖系数、生根率、生根数目均随着盐浓度的升高而降低,试管苗的受害指数、胁迫敏感指数随着盐浓度的升高而增大。在0.6%NaCl胁迫下,随着盐胁迫时间的延长,受害率和受害指数呈上升趋势。将供试的19个材料耐盐性分为4个类型:耐盐葡萄类型,包括酿酒葡萄EndFine、燕山葡萄燕山-1、1-1-6(88-110)、莫里莎无核和克瑞森无核;较耐盐葡萄类型,包括红地球、1-1-8(88-110)、户太8号、山葡萄通化-3和秋葡萄平利-7;盐较敏感葡萄类型,包括京秀、101-14MG、3309C和蘡奠葡萄泰山-1、安林-3;盐敏感葡萄类型,包括SO4、1103P、110R和山葡萄华县-47。

Tube plantlets received by tissue culture of 6 clones of 4 Chinese wild grape species, 2 interspecific hybrids, 5 table grape cultivars,S rootstock cultivars and 1 wine grape cultivar were incubated in media with different NaCl concentrations for studying their salt tolerance . The results showed during 50 days of NaCl stress, the times of germination, regeneration coefficient ,rooting rate, and number of root of the plantlets were decreased along with the increase of salinity level in the culture medium;the injury index and stress susceptibility indexes were increased as well with the increase of salinity level; under 0.6% NaCl stress,when the time prolonging,the injury percentage and injury index were gradually increased. Judged by the tolerance the tested grape materials could be divided into 4 groups: (1) salt tolerant group, including wine-making grape cultivar End Fine, Yanshan-1 (Vitis yanshanensis), 1-1-6(88-110), Melissa seedless and Crimson seedless. (2) The moderately salt tolerant group, including Red globe, 1-1-8(88-110), Hutai-8, Tonghua-3(V. amurensis) and Pingli-7 (V. romanetii).(3) The slightly salt sensitive group, including Jingxiu, 101-14MG, 3309C, Taishan-1(V. adstricta) and Anlin-3 (V. adstricta). (4) The salt sensitive group, including SO4, 1103P, 110R and Huaxian-47 (V. amurensis).