番茄内生真菌的分离和拮抗生防菌的筛选

Isolation and Screen of Endophytic Antifungal Fungi from Tomato

采用内生菌常规分离法对健康番茄植株体内的内生真菌进行了分离和筛选。结果表明: 番茄的不同品种不同部位内生真菌的数量有所不同, 同一品种茎部比根部种类多。经初步鉴定, 除1种属于子囊菌外, 其余均为半知菌。拮抗结果表明: 无孢菌、曲霉对灰霉和菌核病菌均有较强的抑制作用, 产生明显抑菌带。其它部分菌株对病原菌均有不同程度的抑制作用。无孢菌Fq72菌株培养滤液活性测定结果表明: 其培养滤液对6种病菌均有不同程度的拮抗作用, 尤其对菌核病菌和灰霉病菌抑制率最高, 而且其培养滤液高温处理后活性不丧失, 对病菌仍有较强的拮抗作用, 因此其具有一定的生防潜能。

Endophytic fungi were isolated from healthy tomatoes with conventional isolation method and their antagonistic activities to some plant pathogens were surveyed. Results indicated that quantities of endophytic fungi from different cultivars and parts of tomatoes varied, and there were more endophyti fungi in the stems than in the roots for the same cultivars.Other species belong to %imperfecti% based on primary identification except one specie belongs to Ascomycetes. %Mycellia sterilia strain% and %Aspergillus sp.% showed strong activity against %Botrytis sp.% and %Sclerotinia sp.% respectively, while other strains also had some antagonism to some pathogens. Culture filtrate of the strain Fq72 of %Mycellia sterilia% could inhibit the growth of 6 plant pathogens, but it was more effective against %Botrytis sp.% and %Sclerotinia sp.%,and the antafungal activity survived after heat treatment. So it has potential capability of biological control.