陕北风沙区4种乡土树种适应干旱环境的特性及利用前景

Characteristics of 4 Native Tree Species Adapted to Arid Environment in Northern Shaanxi Sand-blown Area and Utilization Prospect

针对陕西北部风沙区固沙造林树种贫乏,造林成效低的现状,对该区的乡土树种进行了调查研究,并选育出沙地柏、长梗扁桃、蒙古莸、东北木蓼4种表现好的优良乡土灌木树种。从它们的旱生结构特征、生物生态学特性及繁殖技术等方面进行了较详细的研究。这4种树种普遍具有叶片小,具表皮毛,栅栏组织发达等典型旱生结构特征和低水势、束缚水含量高等抗旱生理指标,而且具有繁殖技术简单易行、固沙性能好、经济利用价值高等优良性状。在调查研究的基础上,提出了4个乡土树种在沙区植被恢复利用中的前景。

The authors investigate into the native tree species in the Northern Shaanxi sand-blown area, aiming at the status of lacking sand-fixing tree species and low afforestation effect in this area. The four kinds of excellent native bush species, Sabina vulgaris Ant, Prunus pedunculata Maxim, Atraphsxis manshurica Kitag, Caryopteris mongholica Bunge, with good behavior have been selected. Further, we have particularly studied their characteristics on xerophytic structure and biocenology, and their breed technology, etc. The four species all have typical xerophytic structures: small leaves, epidermic fur, developed palisade stereide; have drought-resistant physiology indexes: low water potential, high bound water content; have good performance: easy for breeding, effective for sand-fixation, high economic value in use, etc. It was proved that the four shrubs have broad utilization prospect in the vegetation rehabilitation of desert area.