甘肃民勤绿洲近年来生态治理政策在农户中的响应

Response of Households to Eco-environment Control Policies in Minqin in Recent Years

采用访谈式的环境社会学的研究方法,于2003年秋季对民勤县农户的生态治理行为进行了典型抽样调查,对目前正在实施的“退耕还林、围栏封育、禁牧休牧、舍饲圈养、结构调整、移民搬迁”等政策在农户中的响应以及农户的生态环境治理意愿,进行了详细的调查和数据收集,在统计分析的基础上发现目前正在实施的生态政策对农户的响应有很大的差异,甚至在农户经营行为方面与生态保护之间存在着矛盾。通过分析得出进一步推动生态治理的结论一是退耕还林用水的费用应该由国家全部承担;二是建立阶梯式的生态补偿机制;三是加强流域水资源管理,实行用水权可交易的许可证制度。

By the visitatorial way we investigated typically into the ecology-controlling behaviour of households in Minqin County in autumn of 2003. This paper analyses the causes of eco-environment degradation. For details, the households will for eco-environment control and their response to some policies, such as returning grain plots to forestry, enclosing grasslands and let plant re-inhabit naturally, rearing livestock in pens, readjusting industrial structure, emigration etc., are discussed in the paper. Statistical analyses of questionnaire showed that the households responses to policies are different, and even there are contradiction between the management behavior of farmers and the eco-environment protection policy. In order to promote the process of eco-environment control the following suggestions are proposed: the water rate for returning grain plots to forestry should be afforded by our government totally; the grading compensation system must be established; to strengthen the water resource management of Minqin valley, and to practise the warrant institution water-right trade.