南亚实蝇在不同寄主上数量动态及危害研究

STUDIES ON DAMAGE AND QUANTITY DYNAMICS OF BACTROCERA TAU WALKER (TRYPETIDAE: BACTROCERA) IN DIFFERENT HOST FIELDS

研究了南亚实蝇Bactroceratau在南瓜、丝瓜、苦瓜和黄瓜等植物田不同空间高度、不同温度下的数量动态及不同寄主上的果实受害率。结果表明:南瓜地诱集到的南亚实蝇数量单次或虫口累计量均是最大,其次是黄瓜地,而在丝瓜地和苦瓜田诱集的总数大致相同。在80cm的高度,诱集到的虫口数量较多。在150cm处诱集到的南亚实蝇数量明显减少,说明其活动主要集中在空间位置较低的地方。在80cm高度诱集到的虫口数量以南瓜地的最多,与丝瓜、苦瓜和黄瓜地同一高度诱集到的存在极显著差异(P【 0. 01 ),丝瓜、苦瓜和黄瓜地诱集到的虫口数量无明显差异。在不同温度下, 4个小区南亚实蝇活动高峰不同,但其数量动态的大致趋势都是单峰型,即随温度的升高数量逐渐的增加,到一定的温度又下降。南瓜果实受南亚实蝇危害程度最为严重, 2次调查的果实受害率分别为24. 32%和31. 76%。

In a field block experiment, quantity dynamics of Bactrocera tau in four different host fields (cushaw, towel gourd, balsam pear and cucumber) at different height from the ground and different temperatures was investigated. Based on the number of B. tau trapped per day or the total number recorded in several days, the cushaw field came first, followed by the cucumber field. The fields of towel gourd and balsam pear were similar according to the total number of the trapped B. tau. The number trapped at 80 cm from the ground was significantly greater than at a height of 150 cm, indicating that the action of the pest was mostly limited to a lower space. The number of B. tau trapped at 80 cm was highly significantly greater in the cushaw fields than the fields of towel gourd, balsam pear and cucumber (P<0.01), while no significant difference existed among the three crops. The peak of the action of the pest appeared at different times of the day in the fields of the 4 gourds; however, they all showed a mono-peak pattern. Most serious injury was caused in the cushaw field, the injury rate being 24.32% and 31.76%, as recorded in two investigations.