古汉语谓宾关系的研究成果可解现代汉语同类之惑

Research Results on Verb and Object Relationin Ancient Chinese Can Solve Puzzles in Modern Chinese

50年代初,《中国语文》连载的《语法讲话》曾指出,“动词和宾语的关系是说不完的”;后来,又开展过对“打扫卫生”和“恢复疲劳”等说法是否合乎逻辑的讨论:这是我们对谓宾关系认识不够充分的反映。古汉语语法工作者在这方面的研究有了可喜的进展。现代汉语中引起麻烦的很多谓宾关系都与古代汉语特殊理解的谓宾关系有关,系统分类对照分析,可以解开很多疑团。

At the beginning of 1950s Yufa Jianghua(Talks About Grammar) in Zhongguo Yuwen(Chinese Language and Literature) commented that there would be no end for talking about the verb and object relation. Later on there started a discussion about the logic of such expressions as “to clean hygiene”(for “to clean for hygiene”), “to restore fatigue”(for “to restore from fatigue”), etc. That reflects the insufficiency of the verb-and -object-relation knowledge. The research work on ancient Chinese grammar has made encouraging progress in this respect. Many a trouble-causing verb and object relation has everything to do with the special understanding of the relation in ancient Chinese and a lot of puzzles can be solved through systematic classification and contrastive analysis.