析对知识产权客体法律确认性的适度突破——变“法律确认”为“法律确认和法官确认”

On the Moderate Breakthrough in the Nature of Law Confirmation of Intellectual Property Right's Objects——Changing“Law Confirmation" into “Law Confirmation and Judge Identification"

因为知识产权客体的无形性,所以需要法律的特别确认,这是知识产权客体种类与物权客体种类认定的重要不同之处,这一特点在今天的信息社会已经显得有些滞后,难以满足不断出现新型知识产权客体的需要。为弥补这一缺陷,应进行制度创新,即变单纯法律确认为“法律确认为原则,法官确认为补充”。所谓“法官确认”是指由法律界定知识产权客体种类认定的法定标准和法定程序,当有侵权行为发生时,权利人可请求法院依据该标准和程序对涉及的争议客体是否为知识产权客体依法作出认定。笔者认为,应将信息性、创造性、可复制性、实用性、私有性和有益性作为知识产权客体认定的法定标准。

Due to the invisibility of intellectual property right's objects, the emphasized law confirmation is an important difference between the judgment of intellectual property right's objects and real right's objects. In the information society of today, the law confirmation tends to be stagnant and can not satisfy the need of intellectual property right that often emerges new objects. In order to cover the weakness, the innovation of the related law system is required. The paper proposes that it is necessary to change “the pure law confirmation' into “law confirmation plus judge identification'. “Judge identification' refers to the provision that the obligee may ask the judge to identify whether the object in violation disputes is the intellectual property right's object, according to the legal criteria and procedures which are confirmed by law and also determined by intellectual property right's object types. The writers hereby regard that the legal criteria of identification of intellectual property right's objects are the combination of nature of objects' information , creation,explicability,utility , privacy and benefit.