单科院校开展通识教育的难点与对策

Difficulties and Countermeasures in General Education in Single-subject Colleges

1949年以后,通过对旧中国遗留的综合性大学和专科学校进行改造,我国建立起了以“单科院校”为主的高等教育体系。在前苏联教育思想和课程改革思想的影响下,单科院校的教学日益表现出以专业技术教育为主和忽视通识教育的特征。近年来,尽管单科院校已经不同程度开始注重通识教育,但是,囿于种种原因,通识教育在事实上仍然未尽圆满,甚至只停留在观念层面上。单科院校应该真正抓住当前学科调整与重组的契机,在确立了迈向多学科大学发展的思路后,积极引进通识教育师资,并在课程设置上创造更多的学科间互融与互动的机会,真正打破通识教育与专业素质教育之间的分裂和壁垒,使教育回归到“全人教育”的轨道。

Since 1949, higher education system of single-subject college has been established through transforming and reorganizing the universities and colleges left over by China before liberation. Because of the influence of the educational thought and curriculum reform of the former Soviet Union, the single-subject colleges have emphasized speciality education and ignored general education. Now single-subject colleges should change their idea and seize the opportunity of the current subject modification and reorganization, introduce the teaching staff for general education actively, increase the chance of inter-disciplinary communication and interaction in course arrangement, integrate general education and speciality education and return education to the track of whole-person education.