“萨满教”的本质是巫术而不是宗教

Being Witchcraft but Not Being Religion——On the Nature of Shamanism

文化人类学家认为的"原始宗教"、"宗教的初级阶段"其实所指是巫术;巫术与宗教的本质区别是:巫术是人凭借魔法的力量使役神,而宗教则是人对神的迎合和膜拜。鄂伦春人萨满跳神的"助日仪式"是一种典型的巫术:以篝火和跳圈舞促进太阳高高升起和放射强大的光明。近现代萨满跳神形式与远古巫术原型的一脉相承性说明了萨满跳神的本质是巫术而不是宗教。

The anthropologists think that the so-called primitive religion and the primary stage of religion are witchcraft in nature. The differences between them are that witchcraft is to make use of deities by magic; while religion is the satisfaction and worship of gods. The shaman's dance Ceremony of Helping the Sun in a trance of the Oroqen nationality is a typical witchcraft: the bonfire and the circling dance can be used to symbolize the rising sun and brilliant light. The heterogeneous characteristics of modern and contemporary shamanism and ancient archetype of witchcraft denotes that the nature of shamanism is witchcraft but not religion.