简易营养评价法及简易营养评价精法对老年人营养不良的评价

The application and evaluation of the elderly malnutrition assessment methods

目的将简易营养评价法(MNA)、简易营养评价精法(MNA-SF)及传统营养评价法进行比较. 方法对144例住院老年患者同时应用MNA、MNA-SF及传统营养评价法进行调查,比较3种方法的异同. 结果 (1) MNA调查显示住院老年人营养不良患病率为36.1%,潜在营养不良为46.5%;MNA-SF对营养不良检出率为71.5%;传统方法的检出率在13.2% ～ 72.2%之间; (2)MNA与传统营养评价法中的体质指数(BMI)、腓肠肌围、上臂肌围、三头肌皮褶厚度、白蛋白、前白蛋白、甘油三酯(TG)和血红蛋白(Hb)的相关系数在0.204～0.671之间(P＜0.05);MNA-SF值与上述指标的相关系数在0.233～0.622之间(P＜0.05);(3)MNA和MNA-SF相关系数为0.933(P＜0.05);与MNA相比,MNA-SF敏感性为85.7%,特异性96.0%,准确性87.5%. 结论 MNA和MNA-SF皆是老年人营养状况评价的可靠方法,MNA项目较详细,更适合于科研;MNA-SF简便,比较适用于临床.

Objective To evaluate mini-nutritional assessment (MNA), short-form ~mini-nutritional assessment ( MNA-SF) and classical nutritional assessment (CNA) in order to assess the nutritional status of aged people. Methods By MNA, MNA-SF and classical nutritional biochemistry markers, the nutritional status of 144 hospitalized elderly was investigated. Results (1) The nutritional status of 144 hospitalized aged people measured by MNA was that the prevalence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition were 36.1% and 46.5% respectively. By using MNA-SF, the prevalence of malnutrition was 71.5%, and the prevalence of malnutrition ranged from 13.2% to 72.2% when we used classical method. (2) The correlation coefficients of MNA and CNA indexes of BMI, the circumferences of leg and upper arm, TSF, serum albumin, PAB, TG and Hb were 0.204~0.617 (P<0.05). The correlation coefficients of MNA-SF and BMI, CC, AMC, TSF, ALB, PAB, TG and Hb were 0.233~0.622 (P<0.05). (3) The correlation coefficients of MNA and MNA-SF was 0.933 (P<0.05). Comparing MNA-SF with MNA, the sensitivity was 85.7%, specificity was 96.0%, and the diagnostic accuracy between them was 87.5%. Conclusions MNA and MNA-SF are reliable tools for evaluating the nutritional status of the elderly. But the complexity of MNA impedes its use in clinic and MNA suits for scientific research for the detail materials. In contrast, MNA-SF is more convenient and more fit for the clinic.