一种改进遗传算法在生产车间设备布局中的应用

The Application of Genetic Algorithms in Facility Layout

生产系统的设备布局设计是一个组合优化的问题。具有非线性,N P难等特性,常规方法较难以求解。文章通过创建生产系统设备布局的数学优化模型。引入了小生境技术,保持了种群的多样性。并且利用精英选择机制,自适应交叉和变异概率等手段,在使种群保持多样化的同时,增强了算法的全局和局部搜索能力,协调了遗传算法大范围粗糙搜索和小范围精细搜索之间的平衡,有效改善了早熟和过早收敛问题,并通过实例验证了其有效性。

The facility layout design of manufacturing system is a combination optimization problem,which has non-linear and NP-complete characteristic.Thus it can't be solved well by conventional methods.This paper provides a optimal mathematic model of manufacturing system.With the instruction of niche selection technology,it effectively maintain population diversity.By means of saving best result strategy and the adaptively adjustment of the probability of crossover and mutation.the new algorithms solve the convergence problems effectively,enhancing global and partial searching ability without deteriorating diversity of population.And finally,the application of a practical problem shows the efficiency of this approach.