中国资源利用与产业结构的调整

RESOURCES UTILIZATION AND ADJUSTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE IN CHINA

产业发展与资源开发有密切关系,但产业不同其对自然资源的依赖程度也不同。从第一产业、第二产业到第三产业受自然资源直接影响的程度减弱。当代由于社会经济发展程度不同,存在自然资源结构、自然资源开发结构、资源开发导向经济结构、技术导向经济结构等区域类型。当前我国单位国民生产总值资源消耗大、浪费严重。这与产业结构陈旧落后,一、二产业比重大,重工业比重大,加工业水平低,产业规模结构不合理以及技术经济条件差等有密切关系。实现资源节约必须对产业结构进行调整,建立起资源节约型的产业体系。

Industrial development relates closely to resources exploitation but the dependence of different industrial sectors on natural resources varies greatly. The direct influence of natural resources is gradually weakened from the primary industry to the secondary industry, and to the tertiary industry. There are different kinds of economic regions, such as natural resource structure, natural resouce exploitation structure, resource-exploitation-oriented economic structure and technology-oriented economic structure in China owing to different levels of social and economic development. At present, resource consumption and waste per GNP in China are much higher than those in most other countries. This results from the obsolete industrial structure which includes large proportion of agriculture and industry, ex-pecially heavy industry in GNP, rudimentary resource processing, irrational industrial scale structure and poor technical and economic condition. To realize resource saving, it is necessary to readjust the industrial structure, and eventually to form a resource-saving industrial system in China.