实验性藏系绵羊鼠疫的临床观察

Clinical Observation on Experimental Tibetan Sheep Plague

为全面了解藏羊鼠疫的性质和流行病学意义，我们结合藏羊对鼠疫菌感受性和感染途径的实验，对某些临床指标作了观察和研究。实验患羊的潜伏期多为１～２天，个别可达５天。热度以中度热（升高１～２℃）为最多，热型多为稽留热，发热期多为３～８天，最长可持续１４天。实验患羊的病程６８．３５％为迁延型，急型和亚急型仅占３１．６５％，约５６．９６％的患羊可自愈康复。实验患羊无突出的特有的症状或症候群，在临床上与羊的巴氏杆菌病十分相似。用ＰＨＡ检测患羊血清ＦＩ抗体的结果显示，无论经静脉或皮下，口腔或媒介昆虫感染鼠疫菌，实验患羊均在４～８天内产生ＦＩ抗体，１０～２０天达高峰（１∶３２０～１∶８１，９２０），６０天后逐渐下降，２００天后部分个体中ＦＩ抗体即行消失。实验死亡羊各脏器组织中均可检出鼠疫菌，检出率以肝、脾、肺、腺为高。在迁延型患羊中极个别可慢性带菌３０天。

For th e purpose of understanding the characterization and epidemiological significances of the Tibetan sheep plague,some clinical indices have been studied by conducing an experiment to observe how the Tibetan sheep was infected by Yersinia pestis.In the test.most of the infected sheep had the incubation period of 1to 2 days,or even more than 5 days in son1e cases. Mainly had the continued medium fever 1-2 degree centigrades abOve normal body temperature. The fever duration was 3-8days,or up to 14 days in certain sheep.The procrastination process was present 1n 68.36%of the tested sheep. Nearly 56.96.of the sheep could self convalesce.There were no specific symptoms or syndromes arising in the tested sheep,which was clinically similar to pasteurellosis.The results of serological testing PHA showed that the FI antibody titer raised in 4-8 days in the sheep that were infected via iv,S.C. ,mouth or insect vector,respectively,peaked in 10-20days(from 1:320 to 1 :81,920),and gradually descended after 60 days. The antibody disappeared until 200 days in some sheep.The bacteria of Y. pestis could be detected in various organs from the dead sheep in which the liver,spleen,lung and glands the high detection rate of bacteia. The chronic bacteria carrying duration could be up to 30 days only in a few sheep.