清人评点宋词探微

Some Exploration on the Commentary of Song Ci from Qing People

清人以指点学词门径、阐述词学主张为目的而展开对宋词的评点。清人对宋词的评点在外部形态上兼采小说、戏曲评点之众体,同时又有区别于其他文学评点的形式特性;在批评体系上则以结构章法论、修辞论、风格承继论和主旨论为其主干;理论来源方面主要以时文、经学、诗学思想为其依据。清人的评点理论经历了一个由多元到单一的过程,这正是清代词学由雅俗并存到以雅为尚、由词体不尊到诗词同尊的过程,也是宋词在文学史上雅文学地位得以最终确立的过程。

Qing people commented on Song Ci in order to give directions on how to study and expound Ci theory.The comment absorbed the basic features of fiction and traditional opera.Simultaneously it was different from other form of characteristic.In the judge system,the mainstay is the comment of structure.,rhetoric,style inherit and the gist.And in theory source it was on the basis of eight-part essay,the study of Confucian classics and poem science.The commentary systerm of Qing people was developed from pluralistic to single.The development was the same as the current of Ci study.At first the theory was coexist formal patter and popular tastes,but at last there was only refined commented.Poem and Ci were of equal importance in their way.Because of that the formal patten standing of Song Ci at last established.