中美刑法间接故意比较研究

Comparing Research on Oblique Intent of Anglo-American Criminal Law

犯罪明知是美国刑法犯罪心理的一种形式,是行为人对其行为的实质、行为所要在实际上产生的结果、以及伴随条件的明确认识。犯罪明知与犯罪目的、犯罪故意和犯罪轻率等在认识因素和意志因素方面都有区别。犯罪明知与我国刑法中的间接故意在认识因素方面的区别为前者认识到结果发生的准必然性;而后者认识到结果发生的可能性;两者在意志因素方面的区别为放任的意识程度不同;并且前者更强调认识因素的支配作用;由此提出我国刑法间接故意的应然定义。

Knowingly is a mental element of Mens Rea in American Criminal law. The requirement is that the defendant be aware that it is practically certain that the conduct will cause the result. Based on the meaning and the feature of the Knowingly and the Indirect intent, a comparative study on the distinction among the different related mental elements was made. A suggestion to improve the definition of the Indirect intent in Chinese Criminal Law was also raised in this paper.