早期教育对婴幼儿及家长影响的效果评价

Effects of early education on development of children and knowledge level of their parents

目的 评估早期教育对孩子生长发育和父母认知水平的影响。方法 以参加早期教育训练的117个孩子和父母为观察组,1名儿童1名家长,主要为母亲,另设114名婴幼儿及家长为对照组。训练内容涉及儿童的运动、语言、感知觉、音乐律动等,每月两次。对家长的宣传教育活动每月1次。每月组织两次母子互动活动。一年后进行家长问卷测评,运用Gesell量表对婴幼儿发育商(DQ)进行评价。结果 两组孩子的身高和体重变化无显著性差异(P >0.0 5 )。观察组的应物能和言语能的平均得分(12. 1±6 . 6 2、118±3 .75 )比对照组高(96±4 87and 10 3±5 . 2 5 ) (P <0 . 0 5 )。观察组在母乳喂养、常见病的防治、早期教育的概念和方法等婴幼儿养育知识的掌握和运用上明显优于对照组(P <0 .0 5 )。结论 早期教育能促进婴幼儿智能的发育。

Objective To evaluate the effects of early education on development of children and knowledge level of their parents. Methods One hundred and seventeen children, trained in the early education center, and their parents, one parent corresponding to one child, mainly mothers, were recruited in the observation group . 114 children and their parents with the similar demographic characteristics were used as controls. Training, involving locomotion, speech, perception, musical instrument playing, in the form of one-to-one guiding, was conducted twice a month. Lectures for parents were given once a month. Mother-child interaction was organized twice a month. One year later, a questionnaire survey was conducted among the parents and Gesell scale was used to evaluate the development quotients (DQ) of the children. Results The changes in height and body weight of the children in these 2 groups were not significantly different (both P>0.05). The average scores in the social adaption and the speech function of the observation group were 121±6.62 and 118±3.75, both significantly higher than those of the control group (96±4.87 and 103±5.25 respectively, both P<0.05). The scores in different items of knowledge about breastfeeding, prevention and control of common diseases, and methods of early education, except those on specific questions, of the parents of the children in the observation group were significantly higher than those of the parents of the children in the control group (P<0.05 or P<(0.01).)Conclusion Early education promotes the intellectual development of infants and young children and help spread knowledge of child rising.