本我、自我与超我——《黑暗的心脏》之解读

Id, Ego and Superego——Interpretation of Heart of Darkness

马洛的非洲荒原之旅不仅揭露了殖民主义的累累罪行,也是对人性潜意识的探索。非洲荒原深处的库尔兹是马洛内心隐藏而疯狂的本我(id);而在库尔兹的同行、朋友和亲人的话语中所建构的那个带着光环的库尔兹是理想化了、升华了的马洛,是马洛的超我(superego)。事实上,库尔兹是个分裂体,他同时扮演着两个角色——马洛的超我与本我,代表了人性中所具有的最好和最坏的两面性。

Marlow′s Journey into the African continent is not only devoted to exposure and denunciation of colonialism but also a probe into human being′s unconsciousness. Kurtz in the depth of the African wilderness can be seen as the 'id' of Marlow, the hidden man Marlow; Kurtz′s resurrection in his colleagues, friends and his relations′ accounts is the 'superego' of Marlow, an idealized and exalted Marlow. Kurtz is a divided being, playing two roles--the id and superego of Marlow and represents the best and the worst of which human beings is capable.