孔隙压力地震预测技术综述

A review of pore-pressure prediction by seismic techniques.

利用地震速度资料进行地层孔隙压力预测对油气勘探开发具有相当重要的作用。与常规方法相比,用基于反演技术的层析成像法得到的速度更适合于孔隙压力分析。将孔隙压力分析与构造解释相结合,可显著提高成像质量;S波和转换波速度对孔隙压力的变化更敏感,可作为用P波速度探测孔隙压力异常的补充。介绍了超压环境中的AVO模型异常与储层的关系,以及解决由各种因素引起的地下不确定性的方法。

Pore-pressure prediction by seismic data plays a very important role in petroleum exploration and development. Currently, pore pressure is often estimated from seismic velocity. Several inversion technologies are available for determination of velocity that is suitable for pressure prediction. Tomographic inversion provides velocities that are better correlating to geological structures compared to conventional stacking velocity analysis. Recently, new ideas and technologies have been introduced, such as combining pore-pressure analysis to structural interpretation, and pressure prediction by S- and converted wave velocities. Uncertainty in pressure prediction and AVO responses in overpressure environment also have great attraction to people.