论审判独立与独立审判

On the Independences of Justice and Trailing by the Courts

西方各国的审判独立,即司法独立,主要体现于审判机关的体系独立、法官的审判独立、法院内部的审级独立、司法权的统一以及司法机关对立法、行政机关的制衡等五个方面。这五方面相辅相成,构成为一个完整的独立体系。与此相比,中国的独立审判则存在着司法机关的行政机关化、审判不独立、执法不均衡、司法不统一等问题。在推进中国法治国家建设的过程中,应创立社会主义制度下的权力制衡理论,推进司法独立,作为第一步,应提高法院在执政党内的地位。

The independences of justice in the western countries are formed by the five fields about the systemic independences of the judiciary, the independences of trial from judges, the independences of trial stages inside courts, the unity of jurisdiction, and to check the legislature and the administrative organ from judiciary. The five fields are complete independent system. Compare with this, the independences of justice in China exists the problems that administrative organ of judiciary, the trial be not independence, and imbalance on the executing law, the disunion of trial. During the process of advancing construction of Chinese country governed by law, it should create the theory of power restraint and balance under the socialist system. As the first step, it should improve the position of judiciary in the ruling party.