不同来源及水平的蛋白质对肾损害大鼠营养状况的影响

Effects of different source and quantity of dietary protein intake on the renal function in rat model of renal damage

目的探讨不同质量的蛋白质对肾损害大鼠营养状况的影响。方法40只正常SD大鼠按体质量从小到大排序,采用随机数字表法分为4组,每组10只,均用腺嘌呤灌胃制作大鼠肾脏损害模型,同时A组(Ca14):为标准对照组,喂饲14%酪蛋白为来源的饲料;B组(SP14):喂饲14%大豆蛋白为来源的饲料;C组(Ca7-SP7):喂饲酪蛋白和大豆蛋白各占7%的混合饲料,蛋白质总量为14%即14%混合蛋白组;D组(Ca7-SP14):喂饲7%酪蛋白和14%大豆蛋白的混合饲料,蛋白质总量为21%即21%混合蛋白组。每10d测量大鼠体质量留尿检测尿蛋白含量,第42天杀鼠取血标本,检测血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(Alb)、球蛋白(G)、胆固醇(Tch)、甘油三酯(TG)。结果大鼠体质量呈缓慢增长趋势,实验结束时B、C两组体质量明显高于A、D两组,有显著性差异(P<0.01);B组尿蛋白含量始终低于其他3组(P<0.05)。4组大鼠间总蛋白、白蛋白及球蛋白没有显著性差异(P>0.05);A组胆固醇、甘油三酯均高于其他3组,有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论大豆蛋白作为蛋白质来源,在蛋白总量相同的情况下,替代酪蛋白或与酪蛋白适当搭配,能够维持大鼠的营养状况。

Objective To explore the effect of different source and quantity of dietary protein intake on rats with adenine-induced renal injury. Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into four groups according to weight, ten for each. Renal damage models were induced by intragastric administration with adenine in four groups. Group A (normal control group) received diet containing 14% casein as a protein source. Group B received soy protein diet containing 14% protein. Group C and D were fed a mixture diet of casein (7%) and soy protein (7%) or soy protein (14%) respectively. Body weight (BW) and urinary protein (UPr) were measured every 10 days. 42 days later, all the rats were killed and their blood and kidneys were taken out. Some serum constituents: total protein (TP),albumin(Alb),triglyeride(TG),total cholesterin(Tch),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),creatinine(Cr) were examined. Results The rats showed a slow body growth tend, which was greater in group B and group C when compared with group A and group D at the end of the experiment (P<0.01). Urine protein was increasing with time, SP diet significantly decreased proteinuria (P<0.05), and at the end of the experiment, group D showed the highest proteinuria (P<0.05). There was no difference in TP and Alb in the four groups. TG and Tch in group A were higher than the other groups (P<0.01). Conclusion The present study indicates that as a protein source, when the quantity is the same in protein content, soy protein instead of casein or added to conventional casein diet can ameliorate disease progression in rats with chronic renal damage.