大连地区青年学生焦虑情绪特点及相关因素分析

Characteristics of anxiety and the related risk factors among adolescent students in Dalian City

目的了解青年学生焦虑情绪的流行学特征及其相关因素。方法采用分层随机抽取方法,用一般状况调查表、Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)、青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、成就动机测量表(AMS)进行测量。结果本组样本中青年学生焦虑的平均得分为43. 26±0. 34,245人出现重度焦虑情绪,总发生率为24. 5%;高中与大学的学生、不同性别的学生、不同水平的大学生之间焦虑情绪没有差异(P>0. 05);重点高中学生焦虑显著高于普通高中(P<0. 01);青年学生的焦虑情绪与人际关系、学习压力呈正相关,与学年和积极应对方式呈负相关,按相关程度从大到小依次排列为学年受惩罚因子、丧失因子、生活事件总体等。结论青少年的焦虑水平严重程度明显高于中国正常人的常模焦虑平均分值上限,并与多种因素相关。

ObjectiveTo study the prevalence characteristics of anxiety among adolescent students and related risk factors. MethodsSamples are from survey 5 school including 1120 students,general investigation scale, include Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Adolescent Life-Events Check List, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire,Achievement Motion Scale were used. ResultsThe mean anxiety score is 43.26±0.34 for all adolescent students. Anxiety prevalence rate is 24.5%. No different has been observed between the senior middle schools and junior university students (P=0.662), and between the different sexes(P=0.615). There is a different between students of key senior middle schools and ordinary ones. Anxiety of the former is significantly higher than that of later (P=0.003). No obvious difference is observed between university students of different levels (P=0.943). Risk factors related with anxiety are total life event, achievement motivation, fulfillment motivation, factor of loss, factor of punishment, positive response, passive response. ConclusionAnxiety is a common mood disorder during the students. The prevalence rate of anxiety in adolescents is obviously higher than the ceiling of the normative model of normal Chinese, and it is related with multiple factors.