葡萄柚的栽培及研究概况

Progress of Grapefruit Cultivation and Research

葡萄柚是世界柑桔类四大类群之一,起源于加勒比海地区的巴巴多斯岛,大约有100多年的栽培历史。目前葡萄柚的主产国分别为美国、以色列、巴西、阿根廷等,其中美国是葡萄柚最早的开发者和最大的生产国,现有主栽品种均出自美国,产量居世界第一。我国葡萄柚只是个别省份有零星栽培。本文综合有关文献介绍了世界葡萄柚的起源分布、产业发展和我国葡萄柚的引种栽培概况及国内外葡萄柚的研究进展情况,并对葡萄柚的研究提出展望。

The grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) belonging to the family of Rutaceae, is one of the four main Citrus types in the world. It originated from Barbados Island in the area of Caribbean Sea and the cultivation history of grapefruit is more than 100 years. At present the leading grapefruit producing countries are the United States, Israel, Brazil and Argentina. but the earliest development and the largest producing country is the United States. Today the main grapefruit cultivars growing in other countries all come from U.S.A and its production is ranks the first place in the worldwide. In China, grapefruit trees are only planted occasionally in several provinces. Not only the worldwide grapefruit cultivation history, distribution, and industrial development have been discussed, but also the general conditions of introduction and plantation in China have been introduced in this article. Grapefruit research is prospected in the final part.