重症监护病房医院感染原因分析及预防对策

Hospital Infection in ICU: Analysis and Countermeasures

目的 通过对重症监护病房(ICU)医院感染的原因分析,建立有效预防ICU医院感染的对策。方法 对ICU医院感染与基础疾病、年龄、有创性操作、医务人员的关系及病原菌状况等方面进行了综合分析。结果 病情危重、年老体弱者易发生医院感染;有创性操作的次数与感染关系密切;不合理的抗生素应用使病原菌产生耐药性;ICU设置的不合理和医护人员的缺乏增加交叉感染的可能。结论 加强ICU病房管理,加强危重患者的保护性隔离,减少有创性操作,合理使用抗生素,严格无菌操作等均是预防ICU医院感染的有效措施。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the reasons causing hospital infection, and to establish countermeasures in order to effectively prevent infection in ICU. METHODS The basic disease, age, interventional manipulation and medicalstaff versus hospital infection and the status of pathogens in ICU were analyzed. RESULTS Severe diseases,old patients caused hospital infection easily. More times of interventional manipulation made the occurrenceof hospital infection more frequent. The inappropriate use of antibiotics caused pathogens resistant to antibiotics.ICU established incorrectly and the lack of medical staff increased cross-infection possibly. CONCLUSIONSIn order to control infection in ICU, effective measures should be taken, including strengthening the regulations of administration about ICU, strengthening the antiseptic measures about severe patients, decreasing interventional manipulation, appropriate use of antibiotics, and taking aseptic treatments strictly.