颅脑外伤气管切开患者下呼吸道感染控制对策

Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Patients with Cerebral Trauma after Tracheotomy: Its Control Strategy

目的调查颅脑外伤患者气管切开术后,下呼吸道感染病原菌耐药状况及探讨控制对策. 方法对神经外科病区102例气管切开患者的气管分泌物进行细菌培养,对药敏结果进行分析,并制定控制措施. 结果 102例病例均发生下呼吸道感染,且多数病例发生于气管切开术后4～6 d,所分离的6种主要致病菌对多种抗生素呈广谱耐药. 结论为有效控制感染,除加强对患者及病房的消毒隔离工作、加强护理、消除易感因素外,还应及时对患者进行早期气管分泌物培养,以便根据药敏结果合理选择抗生素,提高患者的治愈率.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the drug resistance of lower respiratory tract infection in patients with cerebraltrauma after tracheotomy and study the control strategy. METHODS The isolates of 102 patients after tracheotomywere sent to conduct bacteria culturing and determine their susceptibility to antibiotics and drawing the control strategy. RESULTS The infection tate of lower respiratory tract in 102 patients was 100%. All of infection happened 4-6 days after tracheotomy. The 6 main kinds pathogeny showed multiple drug resistance. CONCLUSIONS It is suggested that there be urgent need for strengthening disinfection, nursing, eliminating the harmful pathogens and reasonable use of antibiotics, which can control infection effectively.