医院感染葡萄球菌耐药性监测

Surveillance on Resistance of Staphalococcus in Nosocomial Infections From 1999 to 2003

目的了解我院医院感染葡萄球菌耐药状况. 方法药敏试验采用K-B纸片法,判定标准依据美国国家临床实验室标准化委员会(NCCLS)标准. 结果 1999～2003年我院医院感染金黄色葡萄球菌423株,对甲氧西林耐药菌株MRSA及敏感菌株MSSA分别为79株和334株,表皮葡萄球菌898株,对甲氧西林耐药菌株MRSE及敏感菌株MSSE分别为647株和251株;MSSA、MSSE对临床常用抗生素敏感,但对青霉素、红霉素、阿奇霉素耐药率>70%;MRSA、MRSE对临床常用抗生素均高度耐药,只有万古霉素100%敏感. 结论了解医院感染葡萄球菌的耐药状况,对临床合理选择抗生素十分重要,万古霉素可作为葡萄球菌重症感染的首选药物.

OBJECTIVE To understand the antimicrobial resistance of Staphyalococcus causing nosocomial infections in our hospital. METHODS K-B test was used for the antibiotics susceptibility test and the results were read based on National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). RESULTS Among 423 strains of S. aureus isolated from 1999 to 2003, there were 79 strains of meticillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and 334 strains of meticillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). Among 898 strains of S. epidermidis, there were 647 strains of meticillin-resistantS. epidermidis (MRSE) and 251 strains of meticillin-sensitive to clinical commonly used antibiotics,but their resistant rate to penicillin, erythromycin, azithromycin and tetracycline was over 70%. MRSAand MRSE were highly resistant to almost all commonly used antibiotics except for vancomycin. CONCLUSIONSIt is very important for rational antimicrobial therapy to survey the drug resistance of Staphylococcus. And vancomycin should be the first choice in the treatment of severe infections caused by Staphylococcus.