亚洲棉再生体系研究进展

Research Advances of Regeneration System in Gossypium arboreum L.

亚洲棉具有优良的遗传学特性,是进行棉属基因组学和遗传工程研究的主要材料,但其作为遗传工程基础的再生体系目前尚未完善。虽然早在20世纪70年代已开展了许多研究,但是由于亚洲棉自身特点其再生体系很难建立,仅停留在愈伤组织的诱导阶段,直至最近才取得了少量突破性的进展,获得了再生植株。亚洲棉愈伤组织是四个栽培种中较容易诱导的,但是诱导出的愈伤组织生长状态不佳,其分化和再生困难,解决的办法主要是调整激素的种类与浓度,适当改变培养方法和培养条件。

The diploid cotton species provide more valuable genetics characters for the agronomically desirable cultivated than the tetraploid cultivars. G. arboreum L. also offers better material to study gene structure and function. The regeneration system of G. arboreum L. is very important to study genetics engineering and genomics. But the regeneration system is difficult to be constituted because of the genotype of diploid cotton. Since 1970’s, many researches have been done, but the regeneration system has not been completely established. Up to now, several important progresses have been made and the plantlets have been obtained. It is easier to induce the callus culture of G. arboreum L. than other cotton species. However the state of the callus is worse than other species and the callus is difficult to induce somatic embryo. The major ways to overcome this difficulty is not only to adjust proportion of auxins and cytokinins, but also to change culture methods and environmental conditions.