导电聚苯胺/橡胶复合材料的制备及力学、电学性能研究

Studies on Preparation and Properties of Polyaniline/Rubber Composites

采用溶液法合成的具有较高电导率的盐酸掺杂态聚苯胺(HCl PAn)粉末分别与天然橡胶(NR)和丁腈橡胶(NBR)共混,制备了聚苯胺/天然橡胶(PAn/NR)、聚苯胺/丁腈橡胶(PAn/NBR) 复合材料。用透射电子显微镜和红外光谱表征了聚苯胺的形态结构;研究了聚苯胺用量对复合材料电导率和力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,在天然橡胶中添加50份聚苯胺,复合材料电导率达到10-9 S·cm-1,比未添加聚苯胺时提高了6 个数量级;聚苯胺添加到NBR中,复合材料的电导率无明显变化,只起到一定的补强作用。

The HCl-doped polyaniline(HCl-PAn)powder with high conductivity was synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization. The powder and NR or NBR were blended to prepare the composites. Structure and morphology of HCl-PAn were investigated by TEM and FTIR. The influence of polyaniline dosage on the mechanical properties and conductivity of the composites was also tested. It was proved that the conductivity of PAn/NR composites was 10 -9 S·cm -1 with 50phr polyaniline. This conductivity was 10 6 times of that for NR without polyaniline. The conductivity of PAN/NBR had not changed obviously after adding polyaniline, but the polyanline could play the role of reinforcing agent when blended with NBR.