太湖流域土地利用变化及其空间分异特征研究

LAND USE CHANGE AND ITS SPAUIAL DISTRIBUTION IN TAIHU BASIN

基于遥感和GIS技术,分析了太湖流域1985～2000年土地利用变化及其空间分异特征。研究表明,15年间太湖流域耕地、未利用地呈减少趋势,建设用地、林地、草地、水域呈增加趋势,其中耕地面积的减少和建设用地的增加十分显著;主要转移方向包括耕地向建设用地转移、林地向草地转移、未利用地向林地转移、水田向水域转移等;各类土地利用变化在空间上呈现明显的区域分异,耕地与建设用地的强烈变化尤为明显地表现在城市与交通线的周围;人口的急剧增长、工业化与城市化的迅速发展,以及农业结构的调整是近15年太湖流域土地利用变化的主要影响因子。

The land use change and its spatial distribution from 1985 to 2000 in Taihu Basin are analyzed based on remote sensing and GIS data. It is illustrated that over the 15 years the area of arable land and badland decrease, and the built-up areas, woodland, grassland and water body increase. The changing trends are dominated by the decrease of arable land and the increase of built-up land. The main conversion types include arable land converting to built-up land, woodland converting to grassland, badland converting to woodland, and paddy land converting to water body. Each type of land use change has a dramatic spatial distribution. The prominent changes of arable land and built-up land are distributed around cities and along the traffic lines. Population explosion, urbanization, industrialization and adjustment of agricultural structure are the main factors of land use change in Taihu Basin.