药物治疗的高胆固醇血症患者膳食治疗状况与血脂控制达标率——高胆固醇血症临床控制状况多中心协作研究

Dietary treatment and success rate of control in hypercholesterolemia patients treated with lipid lowering drugs: a multi-center study of current status on clinical control of hypercholesterolemia in China

目的了解接受调脂药物治疗的高胆固醇血症患者膳食状况及膳食对高胆固醇血症控制状况的影响.方法应用食物频数法,于2000年5至8月,对12个省市25家三级甲等医院收治的2136例接受药物治疗的高胆固醇血症患者的膳食状况进行信访调查,其中应答1746例,占81.7%.年龄最小22岁,最大75岁.结果应答者中,控制膳食者占68.3%(1192/1746).其中有75%(894/1192)达到<血脂异常防治建议>膳食合理标准.控制膳食者达标率为28.8%(343/1192),不控制膳食者达标率为13. 6%(12/88),差异有统计学意义 (P<0.01).多因素logistic回归分析控制应用调脂药物等混杂因素后,控制膳食组达标率是不控制膳食组的2.7倍,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01,OR=2.7,95%可信区间为1.4～5.2).结论目前我国高胆固醇血症患者的血脂控制状况不理想,与膳食治疗不足密切相关,合理膳食应作为临床治疗措施积极予以强化.

Objective To assess the current status in dietary treatment of hypercholesterolemia and its effects on control of this disease in China. Methods Twenty five Tertiary-A hospitals from 12 provinces in China were selected, in which 2136 patients were recruited who had had hypercholesterolemia and had been receiving lipid lowering treatment for at least 2 months. Serum lipids level was determined for each patient at the time of enrollment, and using a simplified food frequency method carried out dietary intake survey. Patients who take meat of less than 75 g per day and eggs of less than 5 per week, and fried foods of less than 5 times per week, and butter cakes and pastry of less than 5 times per week were considered as having their diet controlled.Results Among 1746 responded patients, 68.3% reported having controlled diet. Among those reported “controlled”, 75% had a diet meeting the requirements suggested by the Chinese Recommendations on Prevention and Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia (CRPTH). The percentage of patients having their serum total cholesterol under control in diet controlled group, according to the CRPTH, was significantly higher than that in diet uncontrolled group (28.8% vs 13.6%, P<0.01). After adjustment for drug treatment and other covariates, the diet controlled group showed a significantly higher rate in control of hypercholesterolemia than the diet uncontrolled group (OR=2.7, 95%CI:1.4～5.2). Conclusion Diet control significantly improves the status in control of hypercholesterolemia and thus should be reinforced in routine clinical practice.