摘要
目的调查中药材工作者肺螨症的患病情况,观察甲硝唑治疗肺螨症的疗效。方法采用询问病史、痰检螨虫、血检嗜酸粒细胞、ELISA检测血中螨抗体水平和X线胸片检查,以确诊痰螨感染和肺螨症人数。统计不同工种、年龄、工龄及性别的感染和患病率。痰螨感染者用甲硝唑治疗(剂量为0.8g/d,2次分服,共2个疗程,每疗程7d,间隔7~10d)。统计痰螨阴转率和肺螨症治疗有效率。结果调查327人,痰螨阳性121例,感染率为37.0%。其中肺螨症患者(即有呼吸道症状,嗜酸粒细胞增高或抗体阳性,X胸片异常者)共41例,患病率为12.5%。不同工种人群的痰螨感染率和患病率不同,以中药材中转库人群最高,分别为51.8%和18.6%。其次是中药厂人群,分别为40.7%和15.7%。两组感染率和患病率均明显高于中药材库和中药店人群(P<0.01)。中年及工龄较长人群患病率较高(P<0.05)。不同性别间痰螨感染率和患病率差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。甲硝唑治疗痰螨阴转率为88.4%,治疗肺螨症患者有效率为92.3%。结论中药材工作人群是呼吸道螨感染和肺螨症高发人群之一,应加强防护。甲硝唑是治疗肺螨症的有效药物。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of pulmonary acariasis among the employees working on traditional Chinese medicinal materials and observe the effect of treatment. Methods History inquiry, detection of mites in sputum, blood examination for eosinophils and specific antibodies, x-ray chest film were carried out for 327 workers involving in traditional Chinese medicinal materials. Mites were found in sputum in 121 persons who were then treated with metronidazole, twice a day with a daily dosage of 0.8g for seven days as a course of treatment. Two courses were conducted with an interval of 7-10 day. Prevalence and morbidity in different groups of occupation, age, and sex were analyzed. Results The overall infection rate of mites in sputum was 37.0% (121/327) with an average morbidity of 12.5% (41/327). Among the four types of worker investigated, the highest infection rate (51.8%), and morbidity (18.6%) were in those working in transfer warehouse; the second highest infection rate (40.7%) and morbidity (15.7%) were in employees in factory of Chinese traditional medicine. Both groups showed a significant difference with others(χ2inf=11.36,P<0.01; χ2inc=11.36,P<0.01). Higher morbidity was found in the middle-aged ones and those with more years of service. No difference was found between males and females(χ2=0.31,P>0.05). After treatment with metronidazole, 88.4% showed negative in sputum examination for mites and the efficacy of the treatment for pulmonary acariasis was 92.3%. Conclusions Employees engaged in traditional Chinese medicinal materials are one of the groups at the highest risk of pulmonary acariasis. Metronidazole is effective in treating the infection.
出处
《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第2期114-116,共3页
Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases