羟基丁酸-戊酸共聚物/生物活性玻璃复合多孔支架材料对骨缺损的修复作用

Repairing Segmental Radial Bone Defect with Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/Sol-gel Bioactive Glass Composite Porous Scaffold

目的探讨羟基丁酸-戊酸共聚物/生物活性玻璃(PHBV/SGBG)复合多孔支架材料对骨缺损的修复能力。方法将PHBV/SGBG复合多孔支架材料植入兔的桡骨缺损模型中,PHBV/羟基磷灰石(HA)作为实验对照组,利用放射学、组织学、组织切片的计算机图像分析、生物力学测定等方法,观察其降解性、生物相容性以及成骨能力。结果PHBV/SGBG复合多孔支架材料修复骨缺损,新生骨形成时间早:术后2周,植入材料内部有骨小粱形成,术后8周移植材料四周及内部均有大量新生骨形成,骨缺损区被新生骨填充;骨修复完成时间早:术后12周,新生皮质骨结构清晰,与宿主皮质骨自然连接,新生骨显示出正常骨结构,髓腔再通;抗压力强:12周时所修复骨缺损标本的抗压力,PHBV/SGBG组明显高于PHBV/HA组(P<0.05),而与自体松质骨组间差异无显著性(P>0.05);降解速度快:术后4周材料开始降解,术后12周材料大部分已被吸收,材料与新骨面积的百分比由4周时的60%下降到8%。结论PHBV/SGBG复合多孔支架材料修复骨缺损,成骨时间早并且修复完全,材料本身可以完全降解,是一种理想的骨科替代材料,亦可以用于骨组织工程的支架材料。

Objective To investigate the capability of the bone regeneration of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate/sol-gel bioactive glass(PHBV/SGBG)composite porous scaffold. Methods PHBV/SGBG composite porous scaffold was implanted into the segmental radial bone defect of the New Zealand white rabbits, PHBV/hydroxylapatite(PHBV/HA)as experimental control. The degradability, biocompatibility, and bone regeneration capability of the implants were evaluated through radiological,histological, computeri-zed graphic, and biomechanical analysis. Results The new bone formation occurred as early as 4 weeks after implantation of PHBV/SGBG composite porous scaffold. The defect was filled with new bone 8 weeks after the implantation, and was completely repaired 12 weeks after operation. The new bone had normal bone structure and the medullar cavity regenerated. The biomechanical study showed that the anti-compression force of radial specimen in PHBV/SGBG groups was significantly higher than in PHBV/HA groups(P < 0.05), but no significant difference existed between PHBV/SGBG group and autograft bone group(P > 0.05). The PHBV/SGBG composite porous scaffold degraded no sooner than 4 weeks after the implantation and most of scaffold was absorbed after 12 weeks. The proportion of the scaffold to new bone decreased from 60% by week 4 to 8% by week 12. Conclusions PHBV/SGBG composite porous scaffold is a degradable bone substitute. It can achieve early bone generation and complete repair. It can be used as an ideal scaffold for tissue-engineering bone.