肝移植术后巨细胞病毒感染的防治研究

The prevention and treatment of cytomegalovirus infection after liver transplantation

目的探讨肝移植术后患者巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染的诊治经验。方法回顾分析我科2001年1月至2002年12月期间进行的96例同种异体肝移植病例的临床资料。结果发生巨细胞病毒感染19例,均检测到CMV抗原IE E和CMV抗原PP65,其中CMV IgM(+)8例。在CMV感染的患者中,出现呼吸窘迫3例,发热4例,黄疸2例,14例无明显症状。经更昔洛韦治疗后18例患者血CMV抗原IE E和CMV抗原PP65转变为阴性,1例患者死于间质性肺炎。结论肝移植后CMV感染与多种因素有关,积极预防、早期治疗肝移植术后患者CMV感染至关重要,CMV抗原检测的应用能够对CMV感染患者作出早期诊断并且指导治疗,更昔洛韦能够有效治疗CMV感染。

Objective To review diagnosis and treatment experience of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after liver transplantation. Methods The clinical data of 96 patients receiving liver transplantation in our hospital from January 2001 to December 2002 were analyzed retrospectively. Results CMV infection occurred in 19 patients, blood IE-E antigen of CMV and PP65 antigen of CMV was detected in all the patients with CMV infection, 8 patients with CMV-IgM positivity, 3 of them presented with dyspnea, 4 with fever and 2 with jaundice, 14 patients had no symptoms of CMV infection. IE-E antigen of CMV and PP65 antigen of CMV in blood of 18 patients became negative after treatment with ganciclovir, 1 patients died from interstitial pneumonitis. Conclusions Cytomegalovirus infection after liver transplantation is associated with many factors, the key point of CMV infection is prevention actively and early treatment after operation. The detection of blood antigen of CMV is necessary for early diagnosis and guiding treatment of CMV infection, ganciclovir is effective for treatment of CMV infection.