“神舟四号”航天搭载水稻变异性状的田间调查

Field Investigation of Mutants from Rice Varieties Having Experienced the Space Flight of "Shenzhou 4"

通过对“神舟四号”卫星搭载水稻种子及其后代的研究,结果表明:6个搭载品种种子的发芽率、存苗率、结实率及植株的性状在当代(SP1)与对照相比均没有明显的变化;但在SP2代株高、生育期、分蘖、叶色、芒和红叶耳等性状上发生明显的变异,选择出一些突变株。突变株经SP3代,SP4代验证,最后获得32株高突变体,27株早熟突变株,20株多分蘖突变株,还获得一些农艺性状稳定性状且表现良好的株系,以及独杆、无芒、叶色黄化和类病变等有功能基因研究价值的突变体。

Genetic traits of rice varieties which experienced the space flight of 'Shenzhou 4', were investigated in this study. The results showed that 6 rice va rieties which experienced the space flight had not an obvious effect in germinat ion percentage, seedling surviva1 rate and seed setting rate. However, some muta ted plants appeared in the second generation of the traveling rice seeds. The mu tated traits included plant height, heading date, tillering number, leaf color, et al. After being verified in the subsequent SP3 and SP4 generations, 32 height mutants, 27 short heading date mutants and 20 more-tillering mutants were obtai ned. Other mutants including no-tillering mutants, no awn mutants, yellow leaf m utants, lesion mimic mutants as well as the mutants with desirable agronomic tra its, were also obtained in this study. These mutants were valuable for rice func tional gene study and molecular breeding.