唐宋地方监察体制变革初探

An Analysis of the Evolution of the Local Supervision System in Tang and Song Dynasties

唐前期的地方监察体制由御史和诸道使臣组成 ,属于朝廷派出性质的单一型监察体制。安史之乱以后 ,伴随赋役制度的改革 ,出使郎官、转运使、巡院等新的监察体系出现 ,我国封建社会地方监察体制开始向固定型、多元化、多层面变革 ,宋代完成了这一变革。元、明、清各朝基本延续和发展了宋代多元化、多层面的地方监察体制。由此而论 。

In the early period of Tang dynasty,the system of local supervision is made up of tour-inspection officials sent by emperor and the officials sent for supervision.Since the Rebellion of An Shi,with the reform of tax systems,tour-inspection officials,local charging officials and tour-inspection department,etc. are built up accordingly.The local supervision system appears in plural and multi-layer formation.In Five dynasties tour-inspection department is changed into local charging department,and in Song dynasty supervision department and Tongpan two levels local supervision systems are set up,which finish the process of evolution and build the foundation for the third levels local supervision system in Ming and Qing dynasties.To some sense,the evolution of local supervision system in Tang and Song dynasties is the dividing line of local supervision systems in feudal society of our country.