汉代“隐逸”考辨

Observing and Studying Hermitry in the Han Dynasty

“隐逸”一词在汉代史籍中虽未直接出现,但“隐逸”却是一个重要的社会群体。两汉时期仅见于史书记载的“隐逸”就有120人之多。“隐逸”的主要特点可以归纳为一个字:“隐”。汉代“隐逸”专指那些远离或逃避社会现实的士人,即所谓的“不事王侯,高尚其事”的古代知识分子。对“隐逸”加以考察,具有重要的历史和现实意义。

Although the word “hermits” did not appear in the historical data of the Han Dynasty, it referred to an important social group. There were as many as 120 hermits in the West Han and the East Han dynasties according to the historical records. The main characteristic of retreating from the reality can be reduced to one word - “reclusion”. The hermits in Han Dynasty referred to those who lived far away or escaped from social reality, namely, the so-called intellectuals in ancient times who canonized their own ideals and never attended on the authority. It is both historically and realistically meaningful to observe and study the phenomenon of “reclusion”.