乡村弱生态——沈从文对湘西人生负面的生态思考

Weak Ecology of Villages——On Shen Congwen's Ecological Thinking of the Negative Side of Life in West Hunan

由于文化转换与政治气候的历史际会,现实湘西的人与自然之间,传统与现代之间,文化与人性之间,结构脆弱,经不起触摇,表现出整体的下滑趋势;“乡村弱生态”与“湘西生态风情”构成辉映与参照,体现沈从文对以湘西为原型的乡村生态的复杂观照,与“城市反生态”构成对照与相连,显示出沈从文对现实境遇的双重失望。从生态视角透观人与自然的和谐,文章认为这只是人性完善的逻辑起点与基本方式,要完成人之为人,尚有许多路要走。

Because of the historical merging of cultural transformation and political climate in West Hunan,the relational structures between man and nature,tradition and modernism,culture and human nature were vulnerable and tended to downslide on the whole.By observing and describing the ecological environment in the countryside with West Hunan as the prototype,Shen Congwen expressed his disappointment with the realities and the ecological environment.The author,looking at the harmony between man and nature from an ecological perspective,maintains that there is still a long way to go before man can realize the value of human life.