黑色页岩的资源功能和环境效应

The Resource Functions and Environment Effects of Black Shales

利用ICP-MS等分析技术对典型黑色页岩的微量元素及P、S等组分进行了分析,探讨了黑色页岩的化学特征、风化机制和微量元素富集特征,阐明了黑色页岩的资源功能和环境效应。结果表明,黑色页岩不但富含多种矿产资源,产有大型、超大型多金属矿床,而且可用作复合化肥以改良土壤。同时,黑色页岩因风化分解释放CO2、产生酸性矿排水、释出重金属元素等而可能对环境产生严重影响,引起环境问题。开发利用黑色页岩不但要充分认识其资源功能特征,拓宽其应用途径,而且要特别注意其可能引发的环境问题。

The concentrations of trace elements, P and S of the black shales distributed in some important areas in Hunan. China were analyzed by ICP-MS in this study. Based on the chemical characteristics, weathering mechanism, and trace element enrichment of the black shales, the resource functions and environmental impacts were elucidated. This study indicates that the black shales could be the hosts of many sorts of mineral resources including some large or superlarge polymetallic ore deposits, or could be treated as compound fertilizer for improving soil quality mainly due to their chemical composition and weathering properties. However, the release of carbon dioxide, the acidic drainage, and the dissolution of heavy metals caused by the weathering of the black shales could cause heavy environmental impacts. Therefore, both the resource functions and environment impacts should be taken into account in the process of exploiting for mineral resources in black shales, and producing chemical fertilizer from black shales. This is for the purpose of developing the resources in black shales under the precondition of preventing environmental impact.