利用SSR标记评价普通菜豆种质遗传多样性

The Genetic Diversity Assessment of Common Bean Ge rmplasm Resources by Using SSR Markers

利用36对SSR引物对332份国内普通菜豆、16份国外普通菜豆和2 9份野生菜豆的遗传多样性进行了分析,等位变异数和多样性指数的计算结果显示,3种生态型普通菜豆遗传多样性由大到小的顺序为国内普通菜豆、野生菜豆和国外普通菜豆;我国贵州、云南、黑龙江等省普通菜豆的遗传多样性较为丰富。基于SSR数据,对377份普通菜豆种质资源进行聚类分析,结果聚为6组,其中2 9份野生菜豆聚到第1组群,与其他样品无任何交叉;国外16份材料中的11份与我国2 5份材料聚在第6组,说明国内外普通菜豆的遗传关系要比两者同野生菜豆的遗传关系近。

Chinese common bean, 16 alien common b ean and 29 wild bean germplasm resources have been evaluated by using SSR marker s. Genetic diversity of germplasm resources consists of genetic diversity index es and average genetic richness. The results of the number of alleles showed th at the average genetic richness of Chinese common bean germplasm resources was h igher than that of wild common bean and the average genetic richness of wild com mon bean was higher than that of alien common bean germplasm resources. The res ults of genetic diversity indexes expressed by Shannon-weaver index corresponde d to results defined by the average genetic richness. Both results confirmed th at the genetic diversity of Chinese common bean germplasm resources was higher t han that of wild common bean and the genetic diversity of wild common bean was h igher than that of alien common bean germplasm resources. The results revealed by the number of alleles and Shannon-weaver index of different province's commo n bean germplasm resources showed that there was a higher genetic diversity for the common bean germplasm resources from Guizhou, Yunnan and Heilongjiang provi nces while lower genetic diversity from Hebei and Liaoning province. Based on t he SSR date, 377 accessions were clustered into 6 groups. 29 accessions of wil d common bean germplasm resources were clustered into the first group with low s imilarity coefficient of 0.341 which had no any other type of common bean germp lasm resources and 11 of 16 alien common bean accessions and 25 Chinese common b ean accessions were clustered into the sixth group. The second, third, fourth and fifth group included 108, 105, 83 and 17 accessions respectively. The se cond group had high similarity coefficient of 0.525 while the third, fourth, fifth and sixth group had moderate level of similarity coefficient which was 0. 434, 0.497, 0.472 and 0.467, respectively. It is suggested that the genet ic relation of Chinese and alien common bean is closer than that each of them wi th wild common bean, with thousands of years' evolution and domestication, the genetic diversity of common bean has been improved largely and Guizhou province became possibly the secondary origin center of common bean.