红麻花柱外露突变体的特征特性鉴定

The Characteristics of Style-Protruded Mutants in Kenaf

以卫星搭载后代群体中发现的4个红麻花柱外露突变体(SPM )选育的自交系为材料,以未突变的材料作对照。形态观察表明,与对照相比,SPM的花朵明显变小,花柱和雄蕊管均缩短;但雄蕊管缩短幅度更大,导致花柱大幅外露。4个SPM自交系的花柱外露长度存在显著差异,H2 0 - 1最长,达11. 6mm ;H2 12 - 1最短,仅6 . 5mm。尽管4个SPM自交系的雄蕊管大幅缩短,但其上着生的雄蕊数并未减少。4个自交系的植物学形态也各不相同。SPM的全生育期为130～14 0d ,属偏早熟类型。在4个SPM自交系中,花柱外露越长,其套袋自交结实率越低。

In 1994, kenaf seeds from four genotypes w ere carried by a Chinese recoverable artificial satellite into space for 15 days , and several style-protruded mutants (SPM) discovered from the second generat ion of the space-flown seeds in 1996. In this study, four cross-self lines o f SPM were observed for contrasting with a general line in 2002. The results sh owed that the flowers of SPM were small obviously, and their styles and stamina te columns were both shorter than the common, but the staminate column was much shorter than the style. Consequently, their stigmas were protruded significan tly from their staminate columns. Their style-protruded lengths were obviously different among 4 SPM lines. Line H20-1, with 11.6 mm protruded style, was the longest. Line H212-1, with 6.5 mm protruded style , was the shortest. Both the contrast and the SPM line produced the same number of anthers, thoug h their lengths of staminate column were so different. Their botanic characters of the 4 SPM lines were also very different. Their complete growth stages were about 140-150 days belonging to the type of early maturing. In four SPM li ne s, the longer the style protruded, the lower the bagged self-fruitfulness was .