口算的本真意义及其在小学数学教学中的异化

True Meaning of Mental Arithmetic And Its Aberrance in the Mathematics Teaching of Elementary School

口算与笔算是两种相对独立的运算形式,它们在解题策略、心理机制、错误本质等方面有很大不同.口算的本真意义在小学数学教学中被异化了.口算是日常数学与学校数学的良好契合点,我国数学教育应大力培养学生的口算能力.

Mental arithmetic and written arithmetic were two independent calculations. There were significant differences between the two in solution strategy, mental mechanism and the nature of mistakes. The meaning of mental arithmetic had become aberrated in the mathematics teaching of elementary school. Mental arithmetic was an ideal point of conjuncture between everyday mathematics and school mathematics. Mathematics education in China ought to strongly promote students’ ability in mental arithmetic.