Achenbach青少年自评量表在北京市中学生中的测查结果分析

Achenbach Youth Self-Report for 12-18 years of age students in Beijing

目的:探讨青少年各类行为问题与其影响因素之间的内在关系及其意义。方法:采用青少年自评量表(YSR),对北京市6所中学1410名12～18岁青少年进行调查,并对结果进行统计分析。结果:检测出可能有行为问题的青少年共79名,行为问题的发生率为13.01%;其中,男女不同性别的发生率无显著性差异(χ2=0.834,P>0.05),但不同性别、年龄的被试在具体项目上的发生率有所不同。YSR总分与学生在校成绩呈负相关(r=-0.153,P<0.01)。能力量表中的社会性得分与分量表中焦虑抑郁、注意力问题、退缩、社会化问题呈负相关(r=-0.131～-0.253,P<0.01);而活动性得分与各分量表相关性较低。知识型家庭、一般家庭、工人家庭、失业家庭,青少年行为问题发生率分别为:8.13%、11.42%、13.21%、24.32%。106个条目与总分的Cronbachα系数为0.9462,分半信度系数为0.9143,说明YSR具有很好的内部一致性。结论:青少年行为问题受到性别、年龄、学习成绩、人际交往、家庭环境等因素的影响。

Objective: This study explores the relationship between behavior problems of adolescent and the influential factors. Methods: Achenbach's Youth Self-Report (YSR) was applied to 1410 aged 12~18 students in 6 middle schools of Beijing. Resultss: There are 79 students with behavior problems in subjects and the prevalence rate of behavior problems was 13.01%. No significant difference in the prevalence between boys and girls (χ2=0.834,P >0.05). In factors of behavior problems, the prevalence rate show some different in age and sex groups. The total score of YSR are negative correlated with students' academic achievement(r =-0.153,P <0.01). Negative correlations are found between the score of social abilities and the sub-checklist of anxiety, depress, concentration, withdraw and social problems(r =-0.131～-0.253,P <0.01). Low correlations are found between the score of activity and various behaviors of sub-checklist. The prevalence rate of behavior problems of the adolescents in intellectual families, ordinary families, workers' families, unemployed families are 8.13%?11.42%?13.21%?24.32% respectively. The Cronbach α between the 106 items and the total score is 0.9462, and split-half reliability is 0.9143. The results show that version of YSR has a good homogeneity. Conclusion: The behavior problems in the adolescents are affected by sex, age, academic achievement, social relations and their family environment.