护士工作压力、A型人格与心理健康的关系研究

Nurses' Stress and Type-A Behavior: Characteristics and Its Relationship with Mental Health

目的:考察护士的工作压力源、压力强度、A型人格与心理健康的关系。方法:采用护士工作压力源量表、A型人格问卷和综合健康问卷(GHQ-20),对我国599名护士进行问卷调查研究。结果:护士工作压力强度与护士的焦虑和抑郁呈正相关,与自我肯定呈负相关;A型人格护士的工作压力更大,焦虑程度更高;工作压力对护士的心理健康水平有直接作用并通过A型人格对心理健康产生间接的影响。结论:A型人格的护士工作压力更大,心理健康水平更低,A型人格和工作压力对心理健康有预测作用。

Objective: To research the characteristics of nurses' job stress and Type-A behavior, as well as their relationship with mental health. Methods: 599 nurses were investigated by Nurse Stress Inventory, Type-A Behavior Inventory and GHQ-20 Questionnaire. Results: Nurses' job stress has positive correlation with anxiety and depression and negative correlation with self-esteem. Type-A nurses have more job stress and higher anxiety. Job stress influenced nurses' mental health directly, and Job stress influenced mental health by the mediator of Type-A behavior. Conclusion: Type-A nurses with higher job stress have lower level of mental health.