7-10岁儿童焦虑障碍的调查和随访研究

A Two Year Follow-up Study of Anxiety Disorders in Children Aged 7-10

目的:初步了解7～10岁儿童焦虑性障碍的患病率、病程的稳定性以及演变的情况。方法:使用儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表(SCARED)对长沙市一所普通小学206名7～10岁的学生(男105名,女101;平均年龄8.72±0.92岁),进行焦虑障碍现状调查和为期两年的随访。由学生填写SCARED,由父母填写Achenbach儿童行为量表(CB鄄CL)。结果:在206名小学生中筛查出焦虑障碍阳性者55名(男生30名,女生25名),占总人数的26.70%,伴CBCL行为总分增高者18名(32.73%)。两年后随访时筛查出阳性者48名(男生21名,女生27名),占总人数的23.30%,伴CBCL行为总分增高者21名(42.86%)。第一次筛查阳性儿童两年后仍有34.55%存在焦虑,占总体的9.22%,伴行为总分增高者11名(57.89%)。结论:儿童焦虑障碍在儿童青少年中较普遍,在两年的随访中,9.22%稳定;伴发的行为问题随年龄增长而增多。

Objective: To understand the prevalence and stability of anxiety disorders in Chinese children. Methods:206 pupils (105 boys and 101 girls) from an elementary school in Changsha city with the mean age 8.72±0.92 completed the 41-item version of SCARED. Their parents completed Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Results: 55 pupils with a total score were higher than cut-off point of SCARED.The positive rate was 26.70% and 23.30% respectively during the follow-up. Symptoms of Anxiety disorders of 19 pupils persisted for two years. In Anxiety group, the total score of CBCL was higher than that in Non-Anxiety group (pupils with a total score were lower than cut-off point of SCARED), where as the positive rate of total scores of CBCL were higher two years later than before. Conclusion: The anxiety disorders were found frequently in elementary school children. 9.22% of children with anxiety disorders persisted in two years follow-up, and children with problems have more behavior problems during grow-up.