我国水体中苯并(a)芘污染的生态风险评价

Ecological Risk Assessment of Water Benzo (a) pyrene Contamination in China

目的对我国部分水体苯并(a)芘犤B(a)P犦的污染进行生态风险性评价。方法采用美国佛罗里达洲的海洋和河口沉积物化学品风险评价标准和加拿大淡水水生生物保护临时沉积物质量标准及可能有害生物效应标准两种生态风险评价的标准,对我国主要江河海港水体沉积物中B(a)P的污染水平进行了初步的风险评价。结果河流、湖泊沉积物中B(a)P的含量为0.06～707.12ng/g,港湾、海域、潮滩表层沉积物中B(a)P的含量为7.1～1492.12ng/g。结论我国水体普遍受到B(a)P的污染,但基本都还未达到不利生物危害的水平。

Objective To investigate the present situation of water benzo (a) pyrene contamination in China and to make an ecological risk assessment. Methods B(a)P, one of the 16 prior-controlled polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollutants selected by US EPA, is used to reflect the potential risk of PAHs, a strong carcinogen. Since the content of B(a)P in water is rather low, the contamination levels in the sediment of domestic water environment are assessed with two ecological assessment standards: risk assessment guidelines of chemical concentrations in marine and estuary sediments and sediment quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life and probable effects levels for adverse biological effects. Results The contents of B(a)P were 0.06-707.12 ng/g in sediment of rivers and lakes, 7.1-1 492.12 ng/g in surface sediment of seaports, marines, and tidal flats respectively. Conclusion Domestic water environment is generally suffered from B(a)P contamination, but still under the adverse effect level.