丁草胺对无芒稗种子的诱杀作用研究

Germination Inducement of Barnyardgrass Seeds and Their Control with Butachlor

无芒稗（Ｅｃｈｉｎｏｃｈｌｏａｃｒｕｓ－ｇａｌｌｉ（Ｌ．）Ｂｅａｕｖ．ｖａｒ．ｍｉｔｉｓ（Ｐｕｒｓｈ）Ｐｅｔｅｒｎ．）颖果（俗称种子）切度处理的发芽率达６２％～８１％，其休眠原因之一为籽实皮坚硬透水性差，胚得不到充足水分而处于休眠状态（属强迫型休眠）．丁草胺１．０８ｋｇａ．ｉ．／ｈｍ２能诱导休眠的无芒种种子前发并将其杀灭，其诱杀率达６３％．丁草胺溶液浸种７ｄ，无芒稗种子有效发芽率达７２％。较高温度（昼／夜：３５℃／２５℃）促进丁草胺诱导休眠无芒稗种子萌发．丁草胺作用于无芒种颖果将实皮，使中果皮细胞“栅栏”间距明显增大，内皮层管细胞减少，从而使无芒种颖果籽实皮透水性增强，促进萌发。

The barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli(L.) Beauv. var. mitis (Pursh) Petern) caryopsis (popular name:seed) with germination rate of 62%-81% was obtained by breaking the pericarp of seed.One reason of which is that the pericarp is very hard and poor for water permeating,the embryo can't get enough water for its germination, and it is the forcing dormancy.Butachlor of 1.08 kg ai/ha treatment resulted in 63% germination inducement and control rate of barnyardgrass seeds.The germination rate of 72% was given at 7 days after seed soaked in Butachlor.The data showed that higher temperature(day/night:35℃/25℃) was suitable for germination inducement of seeds. Butachlor treatment increase the distance between palings in the middle pericarp and decrease the number of the pipe cells in the inside ricarp,and enhance the permeable pericarp and germination of aseds.