水稻花时与气象因子的关系

The Relationship between Flowering Time of Rice and Weather Factors

４个籼稻和３个粳稻品种，分６期播种，研究其开花高峰时间（简称花时）与当天开花期间主要气象因子的关系。结果表明：（１）不同类型品种的花时差异很大。同一品种在不同开花期的花时也有很大变异，其中约４６％～６６％可由相应时期内气象因子的变异说明。（２）气象因子对花时的作用在籼、粳两类品种间明显不同。影响籼稻花时的因子依次为温度、日照和风力，湿度的作用不显著；而影响粳稻花时的因子首推湿度和温度，其次为日照，风力的作用较小，且在品种间表现不一致。（３）得出籼、粳品种的花时依主要气象因子的两个最优回归方程，可用于排除气象因子变异的干扰，矫正实际花时，提高遗传分析的精确度。

The daily peak flowering time (FT) of 4 indica and 3 japonica varieties was measured under 6 seeding dates. The relationship between FT and main weather factors, including temperature (TP), relative humidity (RH), hours of sunshine (HS) from & a.m. to I p.m., wind strength (WS) and days after heading (DH) was explored. The results are as follows: l) Significant difference existed in FT between indica and japonica rice. A large variance of FT was detected in each of 7 varieties, of which 46%-66% could be explained by the variation of weather factors. 2) The influence of weather factors upon FT differed widely in indica and japonica. In indica, the main factors were TP, HS and WS in order of importance, and no real effect of RH was found. Injaponica, however,RH had the same effeCt as TP for FT, and HS was less forportant WS showed very limited influence and varied with varieties. 3) Two regression formulas that could exclude the variation from the weather factors were given.