中国天然气资源的两点论和发展战略

Two aspects of natural gas resources in China and their development strategy

中国天然气已处于快速发展的青年期,即将成为天然气大国。但是,中国的天然气丰富程度较低、未来仍需大量进口天然气。中国在天然气工业发展中,面临着气田储量规模偏小、丰度偏低,单井产能低、衰减较快的“品质”问题;加之中国天然气工业基础薄弱,气田又多远离经济发达区、管线较长,造成高井口价和高管输费用,致使用户气价偏高,影响天然气的市场竞争力。有鉴于此,在中国天然气工业发展战略中,应加强一体化发展的研究,重视低品位资源的滚动勘探开发,做好上、下游综合规划,全面统筹管网建设,调整工业用户布局。

Natural gas industry in China has entered a fast-developing stage, and China will soon become a large gas producer. However, the abundance of natural gas resources in China is relatively low, thus large amount of natural gas still need to be imported in the future. Our gas industry is faced with some “quality”problems. Gas fields in China are generally characterized by relatively small reserves, low abundance, low individual-well productivity and rapid decline of production. In addition, the foundation of our gas industry is weak and most of the gas fields are far from the economically developed areas, which need building very long pipelines for transportation. Thus both wellhead price and transportation cost are high, resulting in a relatively high end-user price, which would influence its competitive capacity in the energy market. Therefore, when formulating development strategy of our gas industry, study of integrated development should be strengthened, and importance should be attached to progressive development while exploring the low-grade gas resources, to comprehensive planning of the upstream and downstream sectors, to overall planning of pipe network construction, to adjustment of the distribution of industrial users, and to the development of LNG.