环保型吸附制冷工质对及其制冷性能

Studies on Environmentally Benign Adsorption Refrigeration Working Pairs and their Refrigeration Performance

选取13X分子筛、凹凸棒土和氯化锶等为主要吸附材料,制备了一系列有着优良吸附性能的复合吸附剂(M4-0132、M1-9906、M1-0001和M2-0003).测定了水、乙醇在自制复合吸附剂上的吸附等温线.根据吸附等温线拟合参数对水、乙醇与自制复合吸附剂组成的吸附工质对的特征吸附功计算表明:复合吸附剂-水吸附工质对的特征吸附功约为13X分子筛-水的12%～29%;复合吸附剂-乙醇吸附工质对的特征吸附功约为活性炭-乙醇的10%～20%.采用吸附制冷体系(液体-气体-吸附剂)的稳态平衡方程,对水和乙醇与复合吸附剂组成的吸附工质对适合的制冷场合分析表明:M4-0132-水和M1-0001-水工质对可用于大循环量的制冷体系,例如空调系统的场合;M1-9906-乙醇和M2-0003-乙醇工质对可用于低温制冷体系,例如制冰和冷冻系统的场合.M1-9906-水工质对的吸附制冷量是13X-水的2.0～2.5倍;在60～120C再生条件下,M4-0132-水工质对的吸附制冷量为441～924kJ·kg-1.40～100℃再生条件下,M1-0001-乙醇工质对的吸附制冷量315～909kJ·kg-1,是活性炭-乙醇的2.2～5.9倍.

Composite adsorbents (M4-0132, MI-9906, MI-0001 and M2-0003), which demonstrate favorable adsorption refrigeration performance, were prepared through combining a series of main adsorptive materials, such as 13X molecular sieve, concavo-convex stick stone and strontium chloride. Adsorption isotherms of water or ethanol on composite adsorbents were determined. According to the fitting parameters of the adsorption isotherms, the calculations show that the characteristic adsorption work of self-prepared composite adsorbents-water adsorption working pairs is about 12%-29% that of 13X molecular sieve-water pair, and that of composite adsorbents-ethanol pairs is approximately 10%-20% that of activated carbon-ethanol pair. The stable state equilibrium equation for adsorption refrigeration system (liquid-vapor-adsorbent) was set up. The favorable refrigeration systems (situations) of working pairs, consisted of water and ethanol with composite adsorbents, were discussed, and the results show that: M4-0132-water and Ml-0001-water pairs can be utilized for refrigeration system requiring larger cooling cycle volume, i.e air conditioning system, while Ml-9906-ethanol and M2-0003-ethanol pairs are more preferable to low-temperature refrigeration system, i.e ice-making and chilling system. Adsorption refrigeration volume of Ml-9906-water pairs is 2.0-2.5 times that of 13X-water. Regenerated at temperature of 60-120°C, adsorption refrigeration volume of M4-0132-water pairs is 441-924kJ&middotkg-1, while regenerated at 40-100°C, said cooling volume of Ml-0001-alcohol pairs is 315-909kJ&middotkg-1, which is 2.2-5.9 times that of activated carbon-ethanol pairs.