江苏省病毒性脑炎流行病学调查及流行因素1∶2配对病例对照研究

Epidemiological Investigation on Viral Encephalitis and 1:2 Pairing Case Control Study of Epidemic Factors in Jiangsu Province

目的探讨江苏省2002年病毒性脑炎暴发的流行因素。方法对江苏省2002年病毒性脑炎暴发进行回顾性研究,以暴发期间病毒性脑炎患儿119例为病例组,以同年级、年龄相近的、近两月无发热且身体健康的338名同学为对照组,进行1∶2配对的病例对照研究。结果条件Logistic回归分析筛选出病毒性脑炎暴发的五个流行因素:即发病前两周接触过患者、邻居或亲戚中有病毒性脑炎患者、饭前便后不洗手、室内苍蝇密度多、家中厕所条件差。结论江苏2002年病毒性脑炎暴发流行是通过接触、粪口、虫媒等方式传播。最有效的预防和控制措施是减少和病人的密切接触、注意个人和家庭卫生。

Objective This study was intended to discuss and explore the epidemiological factors involved in the outbreak of viral encephalitis in Jiangsu Province of 2002. Methods Retrospective research was carried out as for the outbreak of viral encephalitis in 2002 using 1:2 pairing case control study, in which 119 cases of children with onsets of viral encephalitis during the outbreak were classified as case group and 338 students who were of the same grade, similar age and healthy without fever within recent 2 months were sorted into control group. Results 5 epidemic factors that affects the outburst of viral encephalitis were screened out aided by conditional Logistic regression analysis, namely contact with patients 2 weeks before onsets, presence of patients with viral encephalitis in neighborhood or relatives, no hand washing before meals and after defecation, high density of flies indoors and poor condition in home toilets. Conclusion The outbreak of viral encephalitis in Jiangsu province of 2002 is transmitted by contact, fecal-oral and entomophila pathway etc., and the most effective measure for preventing and controlling the disease is to reduce close contact with patients and care for personal and family sanitation.